Journal: Marine Drugs

Article Title: Orally Administered Rhamnan Sulfate from Monostroma nitidum Significantly Inhibits Melanoma Metastasis in Lungs and Aorta of Mice Implanted with B16 Cells

doi: 10.3390/md24040126

Figure Lengend Snippet: ( A ) Changes in the expression of melanoma cell metastasis-related factors in the M + W group mice. The expression levels of melanoma cell metastasis-related factors in the blood and tissues of M + W group mice implanted with B16 cells were compared to those in the control group. Factors that significantly increased are indicated by upward arrows, factors that remained unchanged are indicated by horizontal dotted lines, and factors that significantly decreased are indicated by downward arrows. The combined effects of changes in the expression of each factor are thought to promote melanoma cell metastasis. ( B ) Changes in the expression of melanoma cell metastasis-related factors in the M + RS group mice. The expression levels of melanoma cell metastasis-related factors in the blood and tissues of the M + RS group mice implanted with B16 cells were compared to those in the M + W group. Factors that significantly increased are indicated by upward arrows, factors that remained unchanged are indicated by horizontal dotted lines, and factors that significantly decreased are indicated by downward arrows. The combined effects of changes in the expression of each factor are thought to suppress melanoma cell metastasis. Abbreviations: PAR, protease-activated receptor; TGFβ1, transforming growth factor β1; IL-6, interleukin 6; TF, tissue factor; TNFα, tumor necrosis factor α; F4/80, macrophage marker F4/80; Ly6G, lymphocyte antigen 6 complex locus G6D; PAD4, peptidylarginine deiminase 4; cisH3, citrullinated Histone H3; TM, thrombomodulin; uPA, urokinase-type plasminogen activator; TAFI, thrombin-activatable fibrinolysis inhibitor; TAFIa, activated TAFI; MMP, matrix metalloproteinase; Ang-2, angiopoietin-2; bFGF, basic fibroblast growth factor; Robo4, Roundabout homolog 4; E-cadherin, epithelial cadherin; Snail-1, small family zinc finger 1; Wnt, wingless and int-1; Wnt3a, Wnt family member 3a; LRP, low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein; Frizzled, Frizzled class receptor.

Article Snippet: The levels of PAR1, PAR2, TF, TNF-α, TGF-β1, Ang-2, bFGF, β-catenin, vimentin, fibronectin, and Snail-1 in tissues were determined using commercially available ELISA kits: PAR1 (MBS753326, MyBioSource, San Diego, CA, USA), PAR2 (MBS4501658; MyBioSource), TF (ab214091; Abcam), TNF-α (KE10002, Proteintech), TGFβ1 (E-EL-M0051, Elabscience, Houston, TX, USA), Ang-2 (MANG20, R&D Systems), bFGF (bs-0217R, Bioss Antibodies), β-catenin (ADI-900-135; Enzo Life Sciences, Executive Blvd Farmingdale, NY, USA), fibronectin (OKCD05702, Aviva Systems Biology, San Diego, CA, USA), vimentin (ELK3731, ELK Biotechnology, Denver, CO, USA), and Snail-1 (LS-F2317-1, LS Bio, Shirley, MA, USA).

Techniques: Expressing, Control, Marker

Journal: bioRxiv

Article Title: Splenic tropism of Plasmodium vivax in acute infection and spleen-attenuated systemic inflammation

doi: 10.64898/2026.03.25.714340

Figure Lengend Snippet: Comparison of plasma concentrations of A) CFHb, B) IL-6, C) TNF-alpha, D) ang-2, E) IL1-beta, F) IL-18 and G) IL-10 in spleen-intact (spleen) and splenectomized individuals (No spleen, n=25) with acute uncomplicated vivax malaria in Timika, Indonesia. Data points are individual patients with median and interquartile range shown. All measurements in the spleen-intact group were from cohort 1 (n=24), except CFHb (cohort 2, n=36). Measurements below the detection limit of each marker were assigned a value of half the lower limit of detection of the assay, comprising of the following number of patients: 3 TNF-alpha and 2 IL-10 in the spleen-intact group, and 2 TNF-alpha, 7 IL-1b, 1 IL-18 and 2 IL-10 in the splenectomized group. The Mann-Whitney U test was used for statistical comparison. Abbreviations: CFHb, cell-free hemoglobin; IL-6, interleukin-6, TNF-alpha, tumour necrosis factor-alpha; ang-2, angiopoietin-2; IL-1b, interleukin-1 beta; IL-18, interleukin-18; IL-10, interleukin-10.

Article Snippet: Plasma levels of the endothelial activation marker, angiopoietin-2 (ang-2), and the pro-inflammatory cytokine, interleukin-6 (IL-6), were determined using the QuantikineTM ELISA Human Ang-2 and Human IL-6 Immunoassays from R&D Systems (Bio-Techne, US).

Techniques: Comparison, Clinical Proteomics, Marker, MANN-WHITNEY